CE2304 Environmental Engineering – I
PART – A
1.
Define the term potable water.
2.
State the causes for water pollution.
3.
Write the advantage of sub-surface sources
4.
What are the uses of nomograms?
5.
Define the terms ‘Sedimentation’
6.
Differentiate between Temporary and
Permanent hardness.
7.
Draw the typical line sketch of ‘Dead end
system’.
8.
What is meant by equalizing reservoirs?
9.
Rainwater harvesting is the need of the
hour – justify.
10.
List the commonly using disinfectant.
11.
What are the different tests done
during water analysis?
12. What
do you understand by the term per capita demand? In a town or city for what
purpose generally water required.
13. What
major precautions are taken in handling and laying water
pipe lines?
14.
What are the factors be considered
for locating a pumping station?
15.
Sketch the layout plan of water treatment
plan.
16.
What are various processes required to
remove the various types of impurities?
17.
What are the requirements of a good
distribution system?
18.
Compare the merit and demerits of
continuous and intermittent supply system water
19.
What are the factors to be considered for
rain water harvesting?
20.
What are the various methods by which
ground water recharge is accomplished?
21.
List out any four factors affecting rate
of demand
22.
What are the objectives of public water
supply scheme?
23.
What are the intakes?
24.
What are the advantages of steel pipes in
water supply project?
25.
What is the purpose of coagulation?
26.
How can you classify filters into
different categories?
27.
What are the general considerations of the
water distribution system design?
28.
Distinguish between Gravity system of
distribution and pumping system of distribution?
29.
What is meant by “Ground Water Re-charge”?
30.
List out the various methods of “Water
Conservation” presently followed in India?
31.
State the effects when each of the
following substances exceeds the prescribed limits in a
water sample.
(a)
Nitrates
(b) fluorides
32.
Define ‘percapita
demand’.
33.
What are intakes?
34.
What do you mean by ‘tuberculation’ in pipelines?
35.
Draw the sequence of treatment you would recommend for ground water free from
pollution but containing dissolved salts in large concentrations.
36.
What do you mean by disinfection?
37.
What are the various methods of distributing water?
38.
What do you mean by ‘hydraulically balanced network?
39.
What do you mean by ‘appurtenances?
40.
Write a note on reuse of waster water.
41.
Define the term “Per capita demand”.
42.
Give a list of different sources of water.
43.
Differentiate between ‘dry’ and ‘wet’ intake.
44.
What are the different materials used for water supply pipes?
45.
What is meant by super chlorination?
46.
List out four coagulants used in treatment of water.
47.
Mention any two differences between intermittent and continuous water supply.
48.
Give any two methods of leak detection in pipes.
49.
Define specific yield of ground water.
50.
What is reuse of waste water? Give an example.
PART – B
11. Define the term ‘per
capita demand’. Write the factors affecting ‘per capita demand’ and state
the reasons for variations in demand.
(or)
12. What are the causes for
pollution of surface and subsurface sources of water? State the measures to be
adopted to prevent pollution of water.
13. Draw a neat sketch of
canal intake and explain the working principle. State its merit and
demerits.
(or)
14. Describe the procedure
adopted for laying and testing of water mains.
15. Draw a typical line sketch
of water treatment plant and explain the various components in it.
(or)
16. What do you understand by
the term water softening? Explain with neat sketch the zeolite process
for softening of water.
17. Describe the various
methods for laying the distribution lines.
(or)
18. Write a brief note leak
detection and state the various tests used to detect the leakage of water.
19. Draw a neat sketch of a
rain water harvesting structure and write the problems associated with
operation and maintenance of rain water harvesting structures.
(or)
20. Discuss in detail the concept
of linking of Indian rivers. Write the various constraints in executing
this project.
21.
Write in detail about “Water Pollution” in
India.
(4)
(b) Explain in detail about the “Reasons
for the analysis of water”.
(4)
(c) What are the requirements of potable
water for domestic use?
(4)
(or)
22. (a) What are the various
methods of population forecasts? (4)
(b) The census records of a city show population as follows:
Present
50,000
Before one decade
47,100
Before two
decades
43,500
Before three
decades
41,000
Workout the probable population after one,
two and three decades by using Incremental increase
method
(8)
23. (a) What considerations
govern the choice of a particular type of pump in water supply
project?
(6)
(b) List out the advantages of cement concrete pipes in water supply
project.
(6)
(or)
24. (a) What are ‘Air Valves’?
Explain their working in detail. (4)
(b) Explain in detail about ‘Canal intakes’ with a neat diagram.
(8)
25. (a) Explain with a neat
sketch, the working of a continuous flow type sedimentation
tank.
(8)
(b) Explain the principle of coagulation
(4)
(or)
26. (a) List out the
differences between slow sand and Rapid sand filters.
(8)
(b) What is the necessity for disinfection of
water?
(4)
27. (a) Compare the merits and
demerits of the ‘Continuous’ and ‘intermittent’ systems of water
supply.
(b) Give sketches of the following:
(i) Elevated
Reservoir
(ii)
Surface
Reservoir
(or)
28. (a) Discuss in detail
about ‘Radial method’ of layout of distribution
pipes
(6)
(b) What are the points to be considered in the maintenance of distribution
system of water supply?
29. (a) Explain in detail
about how the ‘Rain water harvesting’ is useful in the conservation of
water.
(8)
(b) ‘Waste Water is also an unused, misplaced resource’ Explain.
(4)
(or)
30. (a) Explain the advantages
and disadvantages of ‘Linking of Indian Rivers’ from Economical, Environmental
and Social point of views.
31. Mention the common
impurities in water which should be taken into account in deciding the
potability of water. sample. Describe the essential tests to be performed on
such a sample.
(or)
32. The population figures of
a town during the four decades ie 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 are 25,000, 30,500,
35,500 and 42,000 respectively. Predict its population in the year 2000 and
compare the results through Arithmetical progression. Geometrical progression,
Incremental increase method and changing Increase Rate method.
33. Explain the procedure for
the complete testing of a newly laid C.I. pipe for carrying water supply.
(or)
34. What factors are required
to be considered in the selection of the type of pump? Discuss the situations
under which the following types of may be used.
(a) Reciprocating
pumps
(b) centrifugal pumps
(c) Air lift pumps.
35. (a) State the principles
of working of a horizontal flow sedimentation tanks.
(b) What should be the size of a rectangular sedimentation tank to treat 1.0
MLD with 2 hours detention and overflow rate less than 40,000 litres per day
per sq.m. of the surface areas?
(or)
36. (a) What are the merits
and demerits of the rapid sand filters as compared with slow sand filters?
(b) What is air binding? What are its effects?
37. What are the methods
available for supplying water to the consumers? Which one do you think to be
preferable and why?
(or)
38. What are the different
methods of analyzing a given distribution system? Explain Hardz-Cross method of
pipe network analysis.
39. Explain various methods of
ground water recharging and state the factors to be considered.
(or)
40. What are the advantages of
Rain water harvesting and discuss the various methods of rain water harvesting.
41. Discuss the various Physical,
Chemical and Biological characteristics of water.
(or)
42. Name the various methods
of population forecast and explain the circumstances under which it is
applicable.
43. Mention any three pipe
appurtenances with neat sketches.
(or)
44. What are intakes? Explain
any two intake structure with neat sketches.
45. Distinguish between the
slow sand filter and rapid sand gravity sand filters in a tabular form.
(or)
46. Water has to be purified
for a town whose daily demand is 9 x 106 litres/day. Design a
suitable sedimentation tank of the water works fitted with sludge remover.
Assume the velocity of flow, in the sedimentation tank as 22cm/min and the
detention period as 8 hrs.
47. What are the different
method of analyzing a given distribution system? Explain Hardy Cross method of
pipe network analysis.
(or)
48. Write short notes on:
(a) Service storage
(b) Fire hydrant
49. Explain briefly about
“Rain Water Harvesting”.
(or)
51. Linking
of Indian rivers – Discuss.
(a) Give the permissible limits for the following in drinking
water
(i) Turbidity (ii)
Chlorides
(iii) Nitrates
(iv) Hardness (v) Total Solids
(b) Enumerate the method which you can adopt for determining
the total water requirement of community.
(or)
52. (a) Name
five important communicable – water borne diseases what are the
fundamental requirement of portable water.
(b) Describe the
bacteriological rests to be performed for
portable water.
53. Determine the capacity of
a pump to meet the water requirement of town
with the following data
(a) population of the town
(b) Difference of water level between the
source and treatment plant
(c) Efficiency of the pump and it has to
pump the water in 24 hours
(or)
54. (a) What
are the different type of pipes in use for carrying
water Indicate approximately
diameters and pressure ranges in which they are used.
(b) Explain and Sketch any two
types of joints used for water
mains.
55. (a) What
are the points to be considered for public water
supply?
(b) Explain the treatment
processes carried out for the removal
of impurities in water?
(or)
56. (a) Discuss
the relative merits of rapid sand filters and slow
sand filters indicating the condition favorable for the choice
each
(b) Discuss the use of chlorine as disinfecting agent with
reference to a.
a) Its
disinfecting action.
b) Dosage
c) Its
form
d) Testing
its residuals
57. (a) What are the four
different systems of distribution? Explain any one system in a neat sketch.
(b) What are the different types of
reservoirs used for storage purposes? Explain any one system in a neat sketch.
(or)
58. (a) Explain the hardy
cross method used for pipe network analysis in water distribution system.
(b) What are the main function of the
storage and distribution reservoirs?
59. (a) Explain the Nalgonda
technique of deflouridation by exhibiting its use for an individual rural
household.
(b) Describe the methods of effective
usage of waste water.
(or)
60. (a) Discuss in detail the
environmental aspects of linking of Indian rivers.
(b) Describe the procedure for removal of
iron from raw supplies in rural areas.
No comments:
Post a Comment